Unmanned aerial vehicles. Features drones

In the view of most people, not related to aviation, unmanned aerial vehicles are more sophisticated version of the radio-controlled model airplanes. In a sense, the way it is. However, the functions of these devices in recent years have become so diverse that only a limited view of this they can not anymore. 

Home unmanned era

If we talk about automatic aerial and space remote-controlled systems, the theme is not new. Another thing is that in the last decade they appeared certain fashion. At its core, the Soviet shuttle "Buran", made space flight without the crew and landed safely in the now distant 1988 - the same drone. Photos of Venus' surface and many of the scientific data on this planet (1965) also obtained in an automatic and telemetry mode. And the rovers are consistent with notions of unmanned technology. And many other achievements of Soviet science in the space sector. Whence came the said fashion? Apparently, it was the result of the experience of combat use of such equipment, and he was rich. 

Initially, unmanned aerial vehicles most often used either as a training target, or as flying bombs. It was in the first third of the XX century, and this position is maintained until the end of the century (not counting the spacecraft). Air losses in the Vietnam War forced the Pentagon leadership to think about how to reduce casualties. The same considerations prompted to start developing managed to land aviation means designers Israeli firms. 

Classification of UAVs 

At the initial stage of development of this class Aerotechnica drones were unmanageable. The technological revolution and software development gave rise to the creation of flying robots working for a given algorithm. In other words, such a device should then start to fly on a given route at the correct height, lock on built-in electronic recording equipment information on the ground under the wing of the situation, to come back to the starting point and landing. The variant of broadcasting data in real time on the monitor receiver over the air, but only for raid process control personnel located in the tracking point does not interfere. For all the merits of this approach, it has a significant flaw. Create a program that would take into account all possible situations, it is impossible. Then there was a third way of solving managerial functions - telemetry. The pilot is on the ground, watching the situation through the built-in cameras, is recording the necessary information and make decisions as well as a pilot conventional aircraft. This method is called remotely-piloted. He, incidentally, is used in toys, radio control models, however, quite expensive (they cost hundreds and sometimes thousands of dollars). 

Experience in the use of new technology has received the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) during the 1973 war. Unmanned aerial vehicles used for operational intelligence, but the large size and weight of the video equipment at the time limited the possibilities of this tool. Nevertheless, it is in the Middle Eastern country before anyone realized the prospect of remote-controlled aircraft, which also affected the future success of Israeli designers. 

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